Russian preparations for this “emergency response” included an impressive amount  of– drum -roll, please – propaganda.  Citizens in the Caucasian region who read the Russian papers are reported to believe that the whole conflict is a sham; just Western hot air, lies and more lies. Russians living in S. Ossetia said their friends and family in Russia proper simply didn’t believe them when they said the region was in bloody disarray; the disinformation was that good (unless, of course, I’m the one who’s been bamboozled by Western hoopla…).  The usual suspects – the US, Israel and the UK - are blamed for arming and training Georgian forces. Ukraine is fingered as well, perhaps proactively, for just basically leaning towards NATO. In turn, Ukraine’s president Victor Youschenko, along with four other leaders of former Soviet States stood in solidarity with Saakashvili at a well-attended protest in Tblisi, where a lot of brave, feisty, intensely democratic oratory was heard.  That was nice, as far as mice roaring goes.

          You never know until you know, though.  There does seem to be an emerging post-Soviet Bloc with Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia participating in joint military exercises and generally palling around.  Particularly galling to Russia is that they all get together, along with Europe to create energy transit routes across the Caspian which bypass Russia.  Follow the money!  It can be argued that one of the primary goals Russia had in orchestrating this crisis was ideological, rather than pecuniary.  Not only Georgia, but the rest of Russia’s “near-abroad” which has slipped under the iron curtain were being warned that Russia is still in charge and that the Western powers to whom those former SSRs have been gravitating can not be counted on.  I mean, even though Misha and Bush have created their own little mutual Appreciation Society, who dashed to Misha’s rescue? Not his BFF Bush.  Bush sent a planeload of humanitarian aid. Thanks. You really shouldn’t have.

          So Russia was right to point that out – perhaps a less lethal mode of communication could have been used, but old Soviets never die, they just keep on revolting.  It worked in Czechoslovakia in 1968, why not now?  No, really, Russia has a point; we aren’t to be trusted.  But its objection to the anti-missile radar array being built in Poland and the Czech Republic is, to quote Click and Clack the Tappet Brothers: “booooooogus!”  The Russians say (well, the ones who stay on message, anyway; there’s been an official or two quoted as saying that the Polish system is squat.) that the US is targeting Russia with the interceptors. Analysts report that the system is nowhere near capable of whacking any long-range missiles Russia might care to lob that way; its designed to parlay short-range missiles. To actually be a counter to Russian munitions, it would take hundreds of interceptors, not the tens of interceptors that are actually in the plans.  No, it is all rhetoric designed to drive a wedge between Europe and the tarnished but not yet sufficiently humbled US, as well as one between the New Europe, nee SSRs and Old Europe, located a bit farther from the Bear’s claw. 

          Destabilizing Georgia also serves another Ursine purpose (since you asked…): casting a shadow on the viability of the Nabucco pipeline (remember? follow the money.), planned to carry Caucasian and Central Asian energy to Europe.  Both Nabucco and the Baku-Tblisi-Ceyhan pipelines cross Georgian soil.  The aim of those pipelines was to bypass dependence on Russia’s Gazprom, which has proven prone to whimsical refusals to supply promised gas to its naughty neighbors in winter.  Perhaps Europe will have to settle for diversification over completing an end run around Russia as it slowly emerges from its post-Soviet hibernation.

La Georgia e' stata posta anche dall'Unione Europea al centro della sua strategia, per la verita' alquanto '''timida'', di affrancamento dal monopolio russo delle esportazioni di gas.

Nel suo territorio, infatti, dovrebbe passare il nuovo gasdotto europeo Nabucco, un'opera di dimensioni gigantesche che punta a far affluire il gas turkmeno, azero e kazako in Europa senza passare per il territorio russo. Il percorso previsto del gasdotto, di 3.300 chilometri, parte dal Mar Caspio, attraversa tutto L'Azerbaijan e tutta la Georgia per arrivare al terminal di Baumgarten in Austria passando per Turchia, Bulgaria, Romania e Ungheria.

Ma, secondo gli analisti, il progetto da circa 8 miliardi di euro, sconta le difficolta' nei rapporti tra i paesi caucasici e, soprattutto, i timori per le reazioni di Mosca ad un aperto tentativo di spuntare la sua arma energetica. Da ricordare che la Germania dipende quasi esclusivamente dalla Russia per le forniture di gas e che il Nabucco porterebbe nel giro di dieci anni 30 miliardi di metri cubi di gas in occidente fuori dal controllo di Gazprom.

Politicamente molto piu' praticabile il progetto presentato da Eni e Gazprom per il gasdotto South Stream: un'opera altrettando imponente con una tratto sottomarino di 900 chilometri che partira' dalle coste russe sul Mar Nero per arrivare in Bulgaria. Allo studio poi due tronconi onshore, uno verso il Sud Italia attraveso l'Albania, l'altro verso l'Italia settentroniale (e forse fino a Baumgarten) attraverso la Romania, Ungheria e Slovenia.

In sostanza l'oggetto del contendere e' ''semplicemente'' chi portera' sui ricchi mercati occidentali il gas turkmeno e kazako che nei prossimi anni sara' sempre piu' abbondante e, soprattutto, chi avra' il controllo dei prezzi lungo il percorso tra i giacimenti caucasici e le reti di trasporto europee.

L'Italia ha gia' scelto. Gli interessi dell'Eni in Russia e in Kazakhstan sono enormi e la storica partnership tra il Cane a Sei Zampe e Gazprom e' stata recentemente rafforzata.

Senza contare che un partner forte come Mosca puo' fare molto comodo quando si gestiscono i rapporti con i governi delle movimentate repubbliche ex-sovietiche del Caucaso.

In questo contesto di disordine, emergono gli statisti di calibro:

• Sarkozy pone l'ultimatum: "Se russi non si ritirano convochero' consiglio UE"
• Gli USA dicono che la reputazione Russa e' a brandelli
• Frattini e' stato "decisivo a formare la posizione della Ue" e ora chiede di mandare gli osservatori della Playmobil

Ich schmelze immer noch, es ist so wunderschön, wunderschöne Bilder, Zuccheros einzigartige Stimme,
alte Welt trifft auf neue Welt, Heimat, Herzen öffnen sich, Kinder brauchen Helden, Bella Italia, Sehnsucht,
bunte Luftballons, Freiheit, ich schmelze und schmelze...
Ich wünsche dir ein (be)rauschendes Klangerlebnis aller Sinne!
Va´, pensiero, sull´ali dorate - Flieg, Gedanke, getragen von Sehnsucht... (wörtliche Übersetzung: Flieg, Gedanke, auf goldenen Flügeln...)
Herz-lichste Umarmung von Elisabeth

Va´, pensiero, sull´ali dorate
Cross the mountains and fly over the oceans
Reach the land find the place where all children go
Every night after listening to this lullaby.

There you find the heroes alive protecting the innocents
Bless them all ´cause their simple song is so pure and wonderful.

Va´, pensiero, sull´ali dorate
Life´s beautiful dream carry on for all night long.

Lend them your golden wings every fear will fly away
Take them by the hand help them find an easy way
Lead them back to the life, back to the life
Where they once used to belong
Where they carry me children as long as they want.

Va´, pensiero, sull´ali dorate
Cross the mountains and fly over the oceans
Reach the land find the place where all children go
Every night after listening to this lullaby.

Un estratto:

It seems as though the Russians have been targeting the BTC pipeline and might have invaded Abkhazia as well. So far they’ve missed the pipeline, which doesn’t say much for the quality of their equipment, but it’s an odd move.

The  point of the pipeline is to connect with the long discussed Nabucco pipeline to get gas from the Caspian into Europe without transiting Russia. EU decision making being what it is means that this plan has gone nowhere for a long time and hasn’t made any progress recently.

Why do the Russians feel the need to destroy the pipeline so dramatically when previously they’ve been quite happy to sit back and watch Europeans destroy its prospects by themselves?

Also interesting is the clear conflict going on in the Russian leadership. Following much bickering last week between Medvedev and Putin, it seems like Putin has won. Foreign affairs and defence are both under presidential jurisdiction, yet it’s Putin flying down to North Ossetia to manage the crisis.

According to the agreement there is no need to find additional sources for the Nabucco Pipeline. According to Reuters a reliable source from the government of Turkey informs that there is an agreement between Turkey and Iran that creates a basis for Nabucco project.There will be no need for alternative source of natural gas for the pipeline. It is expected that in one month the details of the agreement will be published.

Trans-Caspian project will skip Russia and transmit natural gas to Europe. Main source of financing for the project that is 5.8 billion US dollar will be provided by European Union. Through Nabucco pipeline natural gas to Europe will be transported from Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Russia. Western part of the Pipeline will pass through western Georgia, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and Austria.

Construction of Nabucco starts in 2010 and is expected to complete in 2013. The pipeline transmit Caspian natural gas to Europe skipping Russia and passing through Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkey, Bulgaria, Hungary, Austria and possibly Germany. Total cost of Nabucco is projected to be 7.3-12 billion dollars.

Initially the gas pipeline will be transporting 8 billion cubic meter natural gas from Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan, but later the capacity will be increased to 31 billion cubic meters.

Except MOL and Bulgarian Bulgargaz, Austrian OMW, Romanian Transgaz, Turkish Botas and German RWE also participate in the project.

As Abdulaev indicated that gas extraction in Azerbaijan increases annually and export potential of the country enlarges. Azerbaijan is ready to create transit route and allow transporting Caspian gas.

Disc 1:
01. Sinfonia.mp3
02. Part I Introduzione Gli arredi festivi giù cadano infranti (Coro).mp3
03. Part I Recitativo e cavatina Sperate, o figli! (Zaccaria, Coro).mp3
04. Part I Recitativo e cavatina D'Egitto là sui lidi (Zaccaria, Coro).mp3
05. Part I Recitativo e cavatina Qual rumore (Coro, Ismaele, Zaccaria).mp3
06. Part I Recitativo e cavatina Come notte a sol fulgente (Zaccaria, .mp3
07. Part I Recitativo e terzettino Fenena! O mia diletta! (Ismaele, Fenena).mp3
08. Part I Recitativo e terzettino Guerrieri, è preso il Tempio!.....Prode .mp3
09. Part I Recitativo e terzettino Io t'amava! (Abigaille, Ismaele, Fenena).mp3
10. Part I Coro Lo vedeste (Anna, Coro, Zaccaria).mp3
11. Part I Finale Viva Nabucco! (Abigaille, Coro, Zaccaria, Ismaele, .mp3
12. Part I Finale Si finga.....Tremin gl'insani del mio furore! (Nabucco, .mp3
13. Part I Finale O vinti, il capo a terra! (Nabucco, Zaccaria, Ismaele, .mp3
14. Part II, Scena prima Scena ed aria Ben io t'invenni (Abigaille).mp3
15. Part II, Scena prima Scena ed aria Ancho'io dischiuso un giorno (Abigaille).mp3
16. Part II, Scena prima Scena ed aria Chi s'avanza (Abigaille, Gran .mp3
17. Part II, Scena prima Scena ed aria Salgo già del trono aurato (Abigaille, .mp3
18. Part II, Scena seconda Recitativo e preghiera Introduzione.mp3
19. Part II, Scena seconda Recitativo e preghiera Vieni, o Levita! (Zaccaria).mp3
20. Part II, Scena seconda Recitativo e preghiera Tu sul labbro de' veggenti .mp3

Disc 2:
01. Coro Che si vuol...Il maledetto non ha fratelli .mp3
02. Scena e finale Deh, fratelli, perdonate! .mp3
03. Scena e finale S'appressan gl'instanti (Nabucco, .mp3
04. Scena e finale S'oda or me! (Nabucco, Fenena, .mp3
05. Scena e finale Chi mi toglie il regio scettro .mp3
06. Introduzione È l'Assiria una regina (Coro).mp3
07. Scena e duetto Eccelsa Donna (Gran Sacerdote, .mp3
08. Scena e duetto Donna, chi sei (Nabucco, Abigaille).mp3
09. Scena e duetto Oh, di qual'onta aggravasi .mp3
10. Scena e duetto Ah, qual suon! (Nabucco, Abigaille).mp3
11. Scena e duetto Deh, perdona (Nabucco, Abigaille).mp3
12. Coro e prefezia (Introduzione).mp3
13. Coro e prefezia Va, pensiero (Coro).mp3
14. Coro e prefezia Oh, chi piange (Coro, Zaccaria).mp3
15. Scena ed aria (Introduzione).mp3
16. Scena ed aria Son pur queste mie membra! (Nabucco, .mp3
17. Scena ed aria Dio di Guida! (Nabucco, Abdallo, .mp3
18. Scena ed aria Cadran, cadranno i perfidi...O .mp3
19. Finale ultimo (Introduzione) - Va, la palma .mp3
20. Finale ultimo Oh, dischiuso è il firmamento! .mp3
21. Finale ultimo Ah, torna Israello (Nabucco).mp3
22. Finale ultimo Immenso Jeovha (Anna, Fenena, .mp3
23. Finale ultimo Oh! chi vegg'io (Nabucco) .mp3
24. Finale ultimo Su me...morente...esanime (Abigaille) .mp3

Download (part 1)
Download (part 2)
Download (part 3)
Download (part 4)

Mi apuesta es por una coplilla popular extremeña:

Que bonita son las extremeñas

con el culo too lleno de tierra

Ya saben, si gustan hagan sus apuestas en los comentarios, aunque probablemente tampoco habrá premio.

The New U.S.-British
Oil Imperialism

By Norman D. Livergood

The U.S. invasion of Iraq to loot its oil and politically restructure the Middle East, is part of a policy of military imperialism that the American and British ruling circles have been engaged in for several centuries. The American revolution was fought to bring the United States under new, non-British rulers, with the new regime sold to the public as a democracy. Beginning in the twentieth century, these American ruling elites have revolved around the Rockefeller, Brown, Harriman, and Morgan family dynasties. The Bush family, beginning with Prescott Bush, have served as satraps of the Rockefeller, Brown, and Harriman interests. As we've seen, in earlier articles on these imperialistic rulers (Part 1, Part 2), the British and American ruling cabal decided that the energy of choice for the world would be oil and natural gas (not coal)--just as the drugs of choice would be alcohol and tobacco.

To overcome the problem of his oil holdings being broken apart by the U.S. government in 1911, John Rockefeller set out to control the world's energy reserves. World War I was the strategy of the world oil cartel (Standard, Shell, British Petroleum) to take over the colonies of France, Holland, Spain and Portugal. The engines of war now ran on petroleum-based products, so ownership of oil could determine who won or lost a war--therefore who would rule the world. Oil, instead of gold, became the token of power.

By 1919, the Oil Empire, not based on countries or nations, but on private corporations, ruled the world.

The Big Three oil cartel, which controlled oil in the Persian Gulf and southeast Asia areas, wanted to gain control over the vast oil reserves in the southern part of the Soviet Union. They financed the fascist regimes in Germany, Italy, and Japan with the hope that they would invade and control Russia. The Oil Rulers planned to defeat the German, Italian, and Japanese regimes and take control of the oil reserves in the Soviet Union. The Rockefeller circle also planned to take control of Persian Gulf oil from the British-Persian Oil cartel and seize control of southeast Asian oil from Royal Dutch Shell.

The United States was brought into the second world war when in July 1941, President Roosevelt signed an embargo to stop all shipping to Japan. This was said to be in retaliation for the Japanese invasion of French Indo-China. Roosevelt's U.S. embargo cut off the Japanese oil supply, which would have quickly shut down Japan's entire economy. In late November 1941 the Japanese sent a written "war warning" through diplomatic channels to Washington, demanding that the embargo be stopped, or else American sites in the Pacific would be attacked in retaliation. That formal diplomatic warning was ignored and the U.S. made no reply. Just two weeks later the Japanese bombed the American embargo ships located in Pearl Harbor.

In 1939 and '40, the Germans and Italians did not attack Russia as the Big Three had planned. Instead, German General Rommel rushed across North Africa to grab the Suez Canal and control all oil shipping through the canal. Rommel then planned to drive through to Persia and toss out the British from the British-Persian oil fields. Meanwhile, after a failed attack on Russia in 1939, the Japanese swept through Southeast Asia and seized all the oil holdings of Royal Dutch Shell. With the defeat of Japan in 1945, most of those Royal Dutch fields came under the control of Rockefeller's Standard Oil.

Hitler had planned to capture the oil fields in Romania by 1939 so Germany would have its own supply of oil. This was accomplished. Then Rommel was to have captured the oil fields in Persia by 1941, the oil fields in Russia in 1942. Only then would Hitler have sufficient fuel for prosecuting a war with the United States. But less than a week after the Pearl Harbor attack, the Japanese convinced Hitler to declare war on the United States. Hitler agreed only if the Japanese would attack Russia, since German troops were now bogged down in Russia and Hitler would gain strategic advantage if the Russians had to defend themselves from Japan on their eastern flank. When the Japanese failed to attack Russia, Hitler was driven out of Russia and now was without a fuel source. The Romanian oil fields in Ploesti were insufficient for Germany to carry on a war on two fronts, and Germany's war effort began to collapse.

The last major German campaign was the Battle of the Bulge, in which Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt was to attack the invading allies with his tanks, then capture the Allied fuel dumps. This would stop the American and British forces and obtain the necessary fuel for Germany to continue its war effort. But General Eisenhower ordered the Allied fuel dumps burned and Germany was defeated.

At the end of World War II, the British-Persian Oil Company controlled the vast oil fields in Iran. The Persians had declared their alignment with Adolf Hitler's Nazi "Aryan Race" movement and were fully expecting German General Rommel to come rushing across Africa and "free" them from the British. They had even proclaimed their alignment with Hitler by changing the name of their country from Persia to "Aryan," (or "Iran" in the Farsi language), but the Germans failed to save them.

To take control of Persian Gulf oil from the British, in 1954 Kermit Roosevelt, nephew of Franklin, led an American CIA coup to take control of Iran and place in power the American-backed Shah of Iran. The Shah expelled the British, and Rockefeller's Standard Oil now had control of the British-Persian petroleum fields.

In the early 1950s, Occidental Petroleum's Armand Hammer, a satrap of the Rockefellers, negotiated a deal with Russian dictator Joseph Stalin to buy his oil--thus effectively stealing it from the Russian people. Russian oil was then sold on the world market at a much higher price than Stalin could get by marketing it himself, because few countries were willing to buy oil from Stalin.

Occidental Petroleum and Russia built two large pipelines, from the Russian oil fields down along both sides of the Caspian Sea, terminating in the old British-Persian--now Standard Oil--oil fields in Iran. For the next 45 years, Russia secretly sent its oil out through those pipelines and Standard Oil sold the oil on the world market at the "West Texas Crude" price by calling it Iranian oil. For almost fifty yeas most Americans have been using Russian oil in their cars.

Standard Oil refineries, which produce gasoline from crude oil, are located at large sea ports like San Francisco, Houston or Los Angeles, not near any of the large American oil fields. Most oil from the Persian Gulf is shipped in oil tankers to those large American refinery-ports.

In 1979, the Standard Oil-backed Shah of Iran was thrown out by a British-backed coup and the long-time British asset, Ayatollah Khomeni, put into power. The flow of Russian oil through Iran suddenly stopped. Other oil pipelines were constructed through Iraq and Turkey. The Russian oil was now called OPEC Arabian-Middle Eastern oil and marketed at the even higher "spot market" price. So in 1979, in America and Europe, we suddenly experienced gasoline shortages and huge increases in the price of gasoline. Also in 1979 Standard Oil-Russian oil interests tried to secure an alternate, short, safe oil pipeline route from Russia through neighboring Afghanistan, but this only resulted in a prolonged war and the project was abandoned.

When the new British-controlled regime in Iran came into power, the Rockefeller-influenced U.S. government immediately threatened to seize $7.9 billion of Iranian assets located in the U.S. On November 4, 1979 Iranian "terrorists" captured and held hostage 65 Americans. Essentially, Standard Oil was being blackmailed by the hostage strategy. After lengthy negotiations, the Rockefeller-created President Jimmy Carter approved the electronic transfer of 7.9 billion dollars from U.S. accounts to the Iranian regime on January 20, 1981.

On Wednesday January 27, 1988, as announced in the Wall Street Journal, Standard Oil merged with British Petroleum. This actually represents Standard Oil's buyout of British Petroleum, the name of the newly merged company being BP-America. The Wall Street Journal did not see fit to mention worries about the world-wide predatory marketing practices of a deceptively titled Standard Oil regime.

During the last 13 years, BP-America has merged with, or controls, all of the old Standard Oil "mini-companies" which existed before the original breakup by the U.S. government in 1911. The new Standard Oil regime is now known as BP-AMOCO, and few people in the world realize what has happened. It's now possible to understand why British Prime Minister Blair has become the spokesman for the new wars against terrorism (actually the war for Caspian Sea and Iraq oil).

At the end of WWII, General Douglas MacArthur became the military Governor of Japan. MacArthur's assistant was Laurence Rockefeller, one of John D. Rockefeller's four grandsons. As the second world war was drawing to a close, the U.S. was preparing for a massive invasion of the Japanese home islands.

The military had stockpiled vast supplies of weapons and munitions on the island of Okinawa. Some sources claim that with Vice-governor Laurence Rockefeller's assistance most of the armaments were sold to the leader of Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh, for something like one U.S. dollar and Ho�s "goodwill." One might wonder why these expensive and critical military supplies were "given" to the North Vietnamese.

To answer that question we have to go to an almost unknown study in the 1920's prepared by a man named Herbert Hoover, later to become President of the United States. The study showed that one of the world's largest oil fields ran along the coast of the South China Sea right off French Indo-China, now known as Vietnam. This was before offshore drilling had been invented and before a man named George Herbert Walker Bush was to become the CEO of a world-wide offshore drilling company.

In 1945, Vietnam was still a colony of the French. Laurence Rockefeller, it appears, had given the extensive store of weapons to Ho Chi Minh with the hope that Vietnam would drive out the French so that Standard Oil would be able to take over the as yet undeveloped offshore fields. In 1954, Vietnamese General Giap finally defeated and drove out the French at Dien Bien Phu with weaponry provided by the U.S. However, Ho Chi Minh reneged on the deal since he could read too, and he was well aware of the Hoover resource report and knew there was a vast supply of oil off the Vietnamese coast.

"In the 1950's a method of undersea oil exploration was perfected which used small explosions deep in the water and then recorded the sound echoes bouncing off the various layers of rock below. The surveyor could then determine the exact location of the arched salt domes which hold the accumulated oil beneath them. But if this method were used off the Vietnam coast on property Standard didn't own or have the rights to, the Vietnamese, the Chinese, the Japanese and probably even the French would quickly run to the United Nations and complain that America was stealing the oil, and that would shut down the operation. "In 1964, after Vietnam was divided into North and South, and the contrived Gulf of Tonkin incident, several U.S. aircraft carriers were stationed offshore of Vietnam and the 'war' was started. Every day jet planes would take off from the carriers, bomb locations in North and South Vietnam, and then using normal military procedure when returning would dump their unsafe or unused bombs in the ocean before landing back on the carriers. Safe ordnance drop zones were designated for this purpose away from the carriers.

"Even close-up observers would only notice many small explosions occurring daily in the waters of the South China Sea and thought it was only part of the 'war.' The U.S. Navy carriers had begun Operation Linebacker One, and Standard Oil had begun its ten year oil survey of the seabed off of Vietnam. And the Vietnamese, Chinese and everybody else around, including the Americans, were none the wiser. The oil survey hardly cost Standard Oil a nickel, the U.S. taxpayers paid for it."

Marshall Douglas Smith. (2001). Black Gold Hot Gold, Ch. 3

So twenty years later and 57,000 Americans and half a million Vietnamese dead, Standard Oil had enough data and the war in Vietnam could end. Nelson Rockefeller's personal assistant, Henry Kissinger, represented the U.S. at the Vietnam/Paris Peace talks and won a Nobel Peace Prize in the bargain.

After the dust had settled from the war, Vietnam divided their offshore coastal area into numerous oil lots and allowed foreign companies to bid on the lots, with the proviso that Vietnam got a percentage of the action. Norway's Statoil, British Petroleum, Royal Dutch Shell, Russia, Germany and Australia all won bids and began drilling within their areas. Strange it was that none of them struck oil. However, the lots which Standard Oil bid for and won proved to have vast oil reserves. Their extensive undersea seismic research appears to have paid off.

Unfortunately, Big Oil's greed has not abated a whit.The American and British rulers have a new imperialistic strategy by which they hope to gain total control of the world's energy supplies and the strategic Eurasian land mass. First, they sell armaments to a regime (for example, Panama, Iraq, Yugoslavia/Kosovo, Afghan/Pakistan/Taliban Mujaheddin, Saudi Arabia). Then, they demonize the regime to which they sold the armaments and declare war on it (e.g. Panama Invasion, Gulf War, UN Kosovo war, Afghanistan war, Iraq War). After the war, they station permanent military bases in the country and use the military bases to control the energy resources in the surrounding countries. Current U.S. foreign policy is governed by the doctrine of "full-spectrum dominance": the U.S. must control military, economic and political developments everywhere.

"If you want to rule the world, you need to control oil. All the oil. Anywhere." Monopoly, by Michel Collon

This new strategy began with the Panama invasion, next created the so-called Gulf War, continued with the UN-sanctioned war in the Balkans, and now expands with the new wars against terrorism (Afghanistan, the Philippines, Iraq, and beyond). On January 20, 2001, Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld said that he was willing to deploy U.S. military forces in "another 15 countries" if that is what it takes to combat terrorism. The reason the so-called "war against terrorism" began in Afghanistan is because it is critical to the U.S.-British rulers' plans to control the Caspian Sea area oil and gas. The UN-sanctioned war in the Balkans was all about oil and the pipeline easement for Caspian Sea oil to Western European markets through Kosovo to the Mediterranean Sea. When Yugoslavia refused to play ball with the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. and Germany began a systematic campaign of destabilization, even using some of the veterans of Afghanistan in that "war." Yugoslavia was broken up into compliant statelets, and the former Soviet Union was contained. The outcome: the de facto U.S. occupation of Kosovo--where America built its largest military base since the Vietnam War

The Caspian Sea area has proven oil reserves of fifteen to twenty-eight billion barrels plus estimated reserves of 40-178 billion, a total of 206 billion barrels--16 percent of the earth's potential oil reserves (compared to Saudi's 261 billion barrels of oil and America's own 22 billion barrels). Even at today's low prices, that could add up to $3 trillion in oil. With the Saudi regime tottering--an aging king about to die, widespread internal corruption creating calls for revolutionary overthrow--and a new source of oil and gas in the Caucasus, the Standard Oil suzerainty is looking to create a new regime in Saudi Arabia and develop a new center of operations in Southern Asia--think Iraq.

The huge oil and gas reserves in the Caspian Sea must either be moved west to European markets or south to Asian markets. The western route is to move oil from Chechnya, across the Black Sea and through the Bosporus to the Mediterranean, but the narrow Bosporus channel is already clogged with oil tankers from the Black Sea oil fields. An alternate route would be to move the tankers from the Black Sea, bypassing the Bosporus, up the Danube River and then through a very short pipeline across Kosovo to the Mediterranean at Tirana, Albania. However, that process was stopped by the Chinese who have supplied and armed the Albanians, as a client state, since 1949.

The other difficulty with the western route is that Western Europe is a tough market, characterized by high prices for oil products, an aging population, and increasing competition from natural gas. Furthermore, the region is fiercely competitive, now being serviced by oil from the Middle East, the North Sea, Scandinavia, and Russia. Western Europe is not a very attractive market, because substantial infrastructure would have to be developed to bring that oil from the Caspian to an already overly-competitive European market.

The only other ways to get Caspian Sea oil and gas to Asian markets is through China, which is too long a route, or through Iran, which is politically and economically inimical to U.S.-Standard Oil objectives.

As soon as the Soviets discovered the vast Caspian Sea oil fields in the late 1970's, they attempted to take control of Afghanistan to build a massive north-south pipeline system to allow the Soviets to send their oil directly through Afghanistan and Pakistan to the Indian Ocean seaport. The result was the decades long Soviet-Afghan war. The Standard Oil-influenced U.S. government saw the danger of a Russian north-south pipeline and the CIA trained and funded armed terrorist groups, including Osama bin Laden, who defeated the Soviets in the late 1980's.

The Russians then tried to control the flow of oil and gas through its monopoly on pipelines. The Southern Asian Republics of the former Soviet Union--Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan--saw through this Russian monopolistic ploy and began to consult with Western companies.

The Standard Oil-influenced U.S. government now plans to thrust further along the 40th parallel from the Balkans through these Southern Asian Republics of the former Soviet Union. The U.S. military has already set up a permanent operations base in Uzbekistan. The so-called anti-terrorist strategy is clearly designed to simultaneously consolidate control over Middle Eastern and South Asian oil, and contain and neutralize the former Soviet Union. With that strategy, Afghanistan is exactly where they need to be.

Russia, realizing its weaker position vis-a-vis the United States, has been making noises as if it fully agreed with the U.S. incursions in Afghanistan. But Russia has joined the Shangahi Cooperation Organization (SCO) which includes China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Takijistan and Uzbekistan. China is using the SCO to try to align Russia economically and politically towards China and northeast Asia. Russia's membership in the SCO is an attempt to maintain its traditional hegemony in Central Asia. The underlying rationale of the SCO is the control of its members' enormous reserves of oil and gas.

Despite the misgivings of Russia, China, India, or any other nation, Afghanistan and Iraq will now become the base of operations in destabilizing, isolating, and establishing control over the South Asian regimes and the Middle-East. [Note that Iran stands between Iraq and Afghanistan and you can understand why bush included Iran in the "Axis of Evil."] After the conquest of this area is complete and the permanent military posts are set up, they will begin construction of a pipeline through Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan to deliver petroleum to the Asian market.

UNOCAL, the spearhead for Standard Oil interests, has been trying to build the north-south pipeline through Afghanistan and Pakistan to the Indian Ocean for several decades. In 1998, the California-based UNOCAL, which held 46.5 percent stakes in Central Asia Gas (CentGas), a consortium that planned an ambitious gas pipeline across Afghanistan, withdrew in frustration after several fruitless years. The pipeline was to stretch 1,271 km from Turkmenistan's Dauletabad fields to Multan in Pakistan at an estimated cost of $1.9 billion. An additional $600 million would have brought the pipeline to energy-hungry India.

In the spring of 2001, Halliburton, Vice President Dick Cheney's company, signed a major contract with the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan to develop a 6000-square-meter marine base to support offshore oil construction in the Caspian Sea. The base will be used to assist Halliburton's catamaran crane vessel, the Qurban Abbasov, in upcoming offshore pipe-laying and subsea activities, according to a statement the company released May 15, 2001.

UNOCAL cut off its earlier agreement with the Taliban in 1998 when it became clear that the Taliban could not control all of Afghanistan and provide a stable political environment for a north-south pipeline construction project. It was likely at this juncture that a new "war against terrorism" ploy was conceived by the Standard Oil-influenced U.S. government. The "war against terrorism" in Afghanistan has come to a hiatus, with war-lords once again ruling the country, and the Bush administration has put their own man, Karzai, in power to control Afghanistan.

Karzai was a top adviser to UNOCAL during the negotiations with the Taliban to construct a Central Asia Gas (CentGas) pipeline from Turkmenistan through western Afghanistan to Pakistan. Karzai is the leader of the southern Afghan Pashtun Durrani tribe. A member of the mujaheddin that fought the Soviets during the 1980s, Karzai was a top contact for the CIA, maintaining close relations with CIA Director William Casey, Vice President George Bush, and their Pakistani Inter Service Intelligence (ISI) Service go-between. After the Soviet Union left Afghanistan, the CIA sponsored the relocation of Karzai and a number of his brothers to the U.S.

The real motives for the Bush administration's war in Afghanistan are clear for all to see. The U.S. Ambassador to Pakistan, Wendy Chamberlain, met with Pakistan's oil minister, Usman Aminuddin, in January, 2002 to continue plans for the north-south pipeline, encouraging the construction of Pakistan's Arabian Sea oil terminus for the pipeline.

President Bush says our military will continue its presence in Afghanistan, which means that while the U.N. forces serve as a paramilitary police force, U.S. soldiers will be guarding the construction of the north-south pipeline.

To assure that the pipeline project will proceed apace, the Afghani-American Zalmay Khalilzad, a previous member of the CentGas project, became President Bush's Special National Security Assistant. Khalilzad has recently been named presidential Special Envoy for Afghanistan. Khalilzad is a Pashtun and the son of a former government official under King Mohammed Zahir Shah. Along with being a consultant to the RAND Corporation, he was a special liaison between UNOCAL and the Taliban government. Khalilzad also worked on various risk analyses for the project under the direction of National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice, a former member of the board of Chevron.

Now that the Afghanistan portion of the "war on terrorism" is concluded--with permanent U.S. military bases in Uzbekistan and Afghanistan in place--where next will the Standard Oil-influenced U.S. government look to gain further control over oil in the world? Coincidentally, most of those places are in countries which have been branded as harborers of terrorists: Iraq, Syria, Iran, and South America, among others.

Bush Sr.'s Gulf War in 1991 resulted in securing access to the huge Rumaila oil field of southern Iraq by expanding the boundaries of Kuwait after the war. This allows Kuwait, controlled by Standard Oil, to double its prewar oil output.

Iraq, which recently discovered an oil field in its western desert, is widely regarded as having more oil than Saudi Arabia once its deposits are developed. Prior to the 2003 U.S. preemptive invasion of Iraq, Iraq was producing 3 million barrels a day, funneling most of it to world markets through a United Nations-monitored program that directed the proceeds to food and medicine for the Iraqi people. Saddam Hussein was still exporting his oil to Syria, which was glad to resell Iraqi oil as if it were Syrian. The United States was one of Syria's biggest customers, because it liked the low sulfur content of Iraqi oil, according to Nimrod Raphaeli, publisher of the Middle East Economic News, a Washington-based newsletter. Iraq earned $1.5 billion a year from oil smuggling and oil sales outside UN controls, through Syria, Turkey, and Jordan, as well as by ship down the Gulf.

Beginning in September of 2001, the Bush regime threatened to include Iraq in its "war on terrorism." Any incursion into Iraq had to deal with the reality that American companies, such as Cheney's Halliburton and G.E. were making billions in Iraq by selling them goods and services. Also, the difficulty that the eradication of the Saddam Hussein regime would seriously compromise America's establishment of bases on the Arabian peninsula on the pretext of protecting poor Arab sheikhs against the Iraqi Evil Monster.

Prior to the 2003 Iraq war, Saddan was desperately trying to ingratiate himself with the Gulf Arab Cooperation Council (GCC) members: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to gain support for the lifting of the U.N. sanctions against it. Russia, Iraq's closest U.N. Security Council ally and a major beneficiary of contracts to purchase Iraqi oil and to sell Iraq humanitarian supplies, was demanding "a comprehensive settlement" of the sanctions issue, including steps leading to lifting the military embargo against Iraq. On January 24, 2002, Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov made a formal statement that Moscow was opposed to any U.S. military operation against Iraq.

Russia's Lukoil Oil Company and two Russian government agencies had a 23-year contract to develop Iraq's West Qurna oil field. By the terms of the contract, Lukoil was to get one half, Iraq one quarter, and the Russian government agencies were to get one quarter of the oil field's 667 million tons of crude, potentially a $20 billion deal. Iraq still owed Russia at least $8 billion from the old cold war days when Russia armed Iraq, considering it a client state. Is it any wonder that Russia opposed Bush's war on Iraq?

But because of United Nations sanctions on Iraq, Lukoil had not pumped a drop from West Qurna since it won drilling rights in 1997. In 2001, Saddam gave Russia $1.3 billion in oil contracts under the United Nations oil-for-food program that allowed Iraq to sell oil to buy supplies to help Iraqi civilians. In September, 2001, Saddam announced plans to award Russian companies another $40 billion in contracts as soon as United Nations sanctions were lifted.

In February, 2002, Russia's foreign minister, Igor S. Ivanov, said that Russia and Iraq saw eye to eye on questions of extremism and terrorism and that the American-backed sanctions against Iraq were counterproductive and should be lifted. He then emphasized that Russia solidly opposed "spreading or applying the international antiterror operation to any arbitrarily chosen state, including Iraq."

The 2003 Standard Oil-Bush junta war against Iraq ended all the prior Iraqi agreements with nations such as Russia, Germany, and France. The opposition by these Eurasian nations to Dubya's preemptive attack on Iraq was understandable--and Dubya's rush to war with Iraq now makes sense.

Also to be considered in any plans to extend the Standard Oil/Bush oil imperialism is China's growing interest in supporting Middle-East nations in their struggle against the U.S. During Jordanian King Abdallah II's January, 2002 visit to China, Chinese President Jiang Zemin said that China wanted stronger ties with Arab countries to help promote peace between Israel and the Palestinians. Yeah, sure, that's the reason China wants to put its foot into the Middle East, to promote peace. China has supplied military weaponry to Pakistan and may intervene if the Standard Oil/Bush imperialists continue to expand their empire in the Middle East.

But the Standard Oil/Bush imperialists don't concern themselves with the threat of China in the Middle East. They've seized control of Iraq's oil and now have their eye on Syria's and Iran's oil as well. We're now in phase two of the war on terrorism: invading countries that Bush says harbor terrorists, with the real intent to seize those countries' energy sources. And since U.S.-British a.k.a. Standard Oil imperialism now--since 9/11--results in the killing of American civilians, we can say that the next phase of the war on terrorism will soon be at a theater near you.

U.S. soldiers are now guarding the north-south pipeline as it's built in Afghanistan. In the meantime, the hypocrisy of Bush's "war on terrorism" is apparent for all to see in Colombia where Bush proposes to spend $98 million to protect Occidental Petroleum's 480-mile-long pipeline which runs from Colombia's second-largest oil field to the Caribbean coast. The $98 million will follow the $1.3 billion the U.S. has already given to Colombia, ostensibly to fight the "drug terrorists." In 2001, the Cano Limon pipeline was closed for 266 days, due to holes blasted in it. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) rebels have blown holes in the pipeline for the past fifteen years, resulting in 2.5 million barrels of spilled oil oozing into Colombia's rivers and streams, about ten times the amount of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska.

If Bush enters this 38-year old conflict in Colombia which has resulted in 40,000 deaths in the past decade, he'll be involving the U.S. in a dead-end power struggle among FARC, the Cuban-inspired National Liberation Army (ELN), ultra-right paramilitary groups and the U.S.-supported fascist government. The excuse for spending U.S. taxpayers' money in Afghanistan was that Bin Laden was responsible for the September 11th attacks. Now the only pretext for spending taxpayers' money in Colombia is to combat the FARC and ELN "terrorists" who only threaten U.S. oil company resources, not American lives.

Invading Colombia follows the British-U.S. oil imperialism pattern: going where the oil is. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, Colombian oil production rose from only 100,000 barrels per day in the early 1980s to approximately 844,000 barrels in early 1999 -- an increase of nearly 750 percent. Colombian oil exports to the United States have also risen sharply, and today Colombia is this country's seventh largest supplier of petroleum. Colombia harbors large reserves of untapped oil and natural gas, possibly as much as 20 billion barrels (and Venezuela has 73 billion barrels in proven reserves); hence Colombia--and its oil-rich neighbor countries--become one of many new oil imperialism targets. The United States imports more oil from Colombia and its neighbors, Venezuela and Ecuador, than from all of the Persian Gulf.

A revealing feature of the South American "war on terrorism" is that, unlike the Taliban and al Qaeda, the Bush administration is not destroying the numerous South American drug terrorists. Why? Because the Bush administration and its plutocratic controllers are at the center of the $1.5 trillion per year in U.S. cash transactions that result from the international drug trade.

A drug terrorist, like a Carlos Lehder, a Pablo Escobar, an Amado Fuentes, a Matta Ballesteros or a Hank Rohn, constantly has something like ten billion dollars of useless illegal money that he has to put in a cooperative bank or business venture that will launder it for him. The drug lord is then more than happy to loan the laundered money at five percent interest to underwrite the large corporations and crooked politicians throughout the world.

Wall Street and the Bush administration depend on the South American drug barons for hundreds of millions of dollars for corporate income and election campaign finances. For every million dollars of increased sales or increased revenues that a company like Enron realized from a buyout, the stock equity of the one per cent who control Wall Street increases twenty to thirty times.

In June, 1999, Colombia's president Andres Pastrana arranged for Richard Grasso, head of the New York Stock Exchange, to meet with Raϊl Reyes, the head of FARC finances, in the cocaine-producing DMZ of Colombia. The two were caught in an infamous embrace that saw very little exposure in the media.

Grasso, however, wasn't the only American big-money representative to cozy up to Colombian drug terrorists. Several months after Grasso's visit, two wealthy members of the American Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) captured world headlines by flying to a FARC redoubt in the Colombian jungles to palaver with the terrorists' founder, 70-year-old Manuel Marulanda. After meeting with the communist drug terrorist, James Kimsey, co-founder and chairman emeritus of America Online Inc., and Joseph Robert, head of J.E. Robert Company, a global real estate empire, flew to Bogota to consult with Colombian president Pastrana. On returning to Washington, the CFR representatives said they were convinced that Marulanda and FARC are sincere in their claims of wanting peace and economic reform.

It may seem hard to believe that U.S. banks and corporations would be involved in laundering drug money from South American terrorists. Even the supine media have had to report some of this criminal behavior. A 1983 ABC News "Close up" on drugs and money laundering fingered Citibank, Marine Midland, Chase Manhattan, and most of the 250 banks and branches in Miami. When Ramon Milian Rodriguez, a top accountant and money launderer for the Medellin Cartel, testified before a Senate subcommittee in 1988, he implicated a veritable "Who's Who" in U.S. finance:

• Citibank
• Citicorp
• Bank of America
• First National Bank of Boston

"In every instance," said Rodriguez, "the banks knew who they were dealing with...." The evidence indicates that Rodriguez is right; the banks often play dumb, but they know what they're doing.

A 1998 investigation of Citibank by the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) revealed that Citibank had secretly transferred between $90 million and $100 million of alleged drug money for a Mexican client, using many creative methods to camouflage the movement of the assets.

Oil imperialism rests on our continued dependence on oil, which not only threatens the future of humanity through prolonged and bloody conflict, but through another even more insidious threat--climate change and ecological collapse.

"The oil industry has destroyed Colombia's forests, as well as the culture and subsistence of its Indigenous Peoples. A major part of the country's territory has been affected by oil-related activities, including colonization. Some Indigenous Peoples, such as the Yariguies, have been exterminated. Others, like the Motilones, the Cofanes and the Guahibos, have been decimated. Nowadays, the U'wa people find their ancestral lands threatened by oil exploitation that could destroy their forests, their lives and their culture. "The process of territorial occupation by oil companies has been stimulated by Colombian legislation, which has provided large incentives for oil projects. Oil companies are allowed to occupy the five-kilometer area surrounding an oil well, thus displacing Indigenous and farmers' communities and destroying biodiversity-rich forest zones. "Currently, seven million hectares of Colombian land are occupied by oil operations, and ten million more have been awarded to oil companies over recent years. Thus, 17 million hectares of forested land is currently at the disposition of transnational oil companies."

Oil imperialism flourishes when a supine press cheers and a groveling congress grants unconstitutional authority to the oil-saturated Demonic Cabal. Despite our grief and rage over terrorist atrocities, a "war on terrorism" cannot be fought with bombs and missiles alone. Citizens throughout the world must awaken to this new U.S.-British imperialism and reclaim their governments. Once democracy is re-established, we can start a war on homelessness, poverty, and economic and political inequalities, and begin work to achieve ecological sustainability for our planet.

Updated: 6/20/08 -- original article: 10/29/01Relevant Links and Updates

ΑΝΑΔΗΜΟΣΙΕΥΣΗ ΑΠΟ :http://www.hermes-press.com/impintro1.htm

Bibliography

• Brisard, J, and Dasquie, G. Forbidden Truth, 2002
• Rashid, Ahmed, Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia, 2000
• Pilger, John, Hidden Agenda
• Klare, Michael, Resource Wars
• Yergin, Daniel, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money and Power, (1991)
• Pepe Escobar, The war for Pipelineistan, Asian Times (1/26/02)

• Fortunino Francesco Verdi - Nabucco, Va Pensiero
  [audio="http://www.goear.com/files/sst4/f2fa09812342f75cc897d498805617f5.mp3"]
• Fortunino Francesco Verdi - Aida, Marcia Trionfale
  [audio="http://www.goear.com/files/sst4/aed38ba33cb34be8e33d3aeff75730df.mp3"]
• Samuel Osborne Barber - Adagio For Strings
  [audio="http://www.goear.com/files/sst4/9e94c56a86c64989b971ed15fdba9d4d.mp3"]
• Carl Orff - Carmina Burana, O Fortuna
  [audio="http://www.goear.com/files/sst4/52d632beeab02eee0b8193bed5c54b28.mp3"]
• Bedřich Smetana - Má Vlast, Vltava
  [audio="http://www.goear.com/files/sst4/f8c3e022a3b714efcffbefbddfbf9f87.mp3"]
• Clément Philibert Léo Delibes - Lakmé, Duo Des Fleurs
  [audio="http://www.goear.com/files/sst4/b6116460e93e0a76e811d91ca5bb95d7.mp3"]

And what are Europe's energy woes? Obviously, EU countries must contend with high gasoline prices, just like almost everyone else in the world. Unlike other countries, Europe must also balance its need for natural gas with its fear of one-sided dependence on Russia. Russia has shown that it is willing to use its energy resources for political gain. Leaders in EU capitals are searching for natural gas transit routes that are not controlled by Gazprom, the Russian energy giant.

And that is where Turkey -- along with numerous other non-EU countries -- come in. Turkey already supplies Azerbaijani gas to Greece via its pipeline network. However, a new, more ambitious pipeline is in the works. The new pipeline, named Nabucco, would transit Caspian natural gas via Turkey to Southern and Eastern Europe. This would lessen Moscow's grip on the European market. The ensuing competition would reduce prices and limit the spread of Russian influence.

The Nabucco Pipeline is rapidly becoming a reality. The blog World News Journal  claims that an agreement has been reached to transit Arab gas to Nabucco via Turkey. If so, this would be a huge boost to the project. On the Caspian side, Azerbaijani relations with Russia are frosty, and it is in the interest of Baku to join Nabucco. Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan are increasingly expressing interest.

When Nabucco becomes a reality, Europe will face higher costs should it alienate Turkey. A Turkey hostile to Europe could turn of the gas at any moment. It could also simply allocate a larger share of the pipeline's gas for itself. This is a real possibility, as energy consumption increases as economies grow (and Turkey's economy is one of the fastest growing in the world).

Thus, while Nabucco isn't a reason in and of itself to admit Turkey into the European club, it is a very good reason to try to keep Turkey's hopes of joining Europe alive.

EBREI

Va, pensiero, sull'ali dorate;

va, ti posa sui clivi, sui colli,

ove olezzano tepide e molli

l'aure dolci del suolo natal!

Del Giordano le rive saluta,

di Sionne le torri atterrate...

Oh mia patria sì bella e perduta!

Oh membranza sì cara e fatal!

Arpa d'or dei fatidici vati,

perché muta dal salice pendi?

Le memorie nel petto raccendi,

ci favella del tempo che fu!

O simile di Sòlima ai fati

traggi un suono di crudo lamento,

o t'ispiri il Signore un concento

che ne infonda al patire virtù.

che ne infonda al patire virtu

che ne infonda al patire virtu

al patire virtu!

HEBREOS

¡Vuela pensamiento, con alas doradas,

pósate en las praderas y en las cimas

donde exhala su suave fragancia

el aire dulce de la tierra natal!

¡Saluda a las orillas del Jordán

y a las destruidas torres de Sión!

¡Oh, mi patria, tan bella y abandonada!

¡Oh recuerdo tan grato y fatal!

Arpa de oro de los fatídicos vates,

¿por qué cuelgas silenciosa del sauce?

Revive en nuestros pechos el recuerdo,

¡háblanos del tiempo que fue!

Canta un aire de crudo lamento

al destino de Jerusalén

o que te inspire el Señor una melodía

que infunda virtud al padecimiento.

Nabucco, proiect care vizeaza reducerea dependentei Uniunii Europene de gazul rusesc, ar trebui sa asigure, din 2013, transportul gazului din Marea Caspica pana in Europa, ocolind Rusia. Totusi, intrarea Iranului in proiect schimba datele problemei. Aplicarea mai multor intelegeri ruso-iraniene va permite Gazprom sa se regaseasca printre partenerii proiectului Nabucco, scrie ziarul electronic “Gazeta.ru”.
Apropierea economica dintre Moscova si Teheran se concretizeaza, intre altele, intr-un proiect al Gazprom de creare a uneia sau a mai multor intreprinderi mixte cu companii publice din Iran. Mediile iraniene au dezvaluit ca acordurile pregatite pentru semnare saptamana viitoare ar prevedea participarea Gazprom la exploatarea zacamintelor gazifere de la Pars si din insula Kish, plus construirea de statii Gazprom pentru stocarea gazelor pe teritoriul Iranului si a unei rafinarii petroliere in nord-vestul tarii, spre frontiera cu Armenia, cu capacitatea de rafinare de 7 milioane de tone pe an.
La proiectul Nabucco participa deocamdata sase companii: grupul german RWE, cel austriac OMV, societatile nationale Botas (Turcia), Bulgargaz (Bulgaria), MOL (Ungaria) si Transgaz (Romania). Recent, consortiul multinational a anuntat dublarea investitiilor pentru gazoductul Nabucco, prevazute initial la 7,9 miliarde de euro.

Nabucco sau South Stream?

Proiectele gazoductelor concurente catre Europa, Nabucco si South Stream, sunt incompatibile, avertizeaza un expert american. Primul proiect finalizat il va elimina pe celalalt, afirma Zeyno Baran, cercetatoare la Hudson Institute, intr-o videoconferinta la ambasada Statelor Unite de la Viena.
Termenul pentru darea in folosinta a conductelor (una ocolind Rusia, cealalta tranzitand-o) este acelasi, anul 2013. Cantitatea de gaze ce ar trebui sa tranziteze este de asemenea cam aceeasi, peste 30 de miliarde de metri cubi pe an. Deocamdata negocierile sunt mai avansate in directia proiectului Nabucco. Proiectul ruso-italian, South Stream, sustinut de Grecia, Serbia, Ungaria si Bulgaria, porneste din Rusia si trece pe sub Marea Neagra pana la Varna (Bulgaria), de unde se va diviza in doua ramuri, una spre Italia si Grecia, cealalta spre Austria si Ungaria.

Rusia este de departe primul furnizor de gaz al Uniunii Europene, acoperind aproape jumatate din importuri. Europenii mizeaza totusi pe promisiunea recenta a Turkmenistanului, de a livra direct UE
10 miliarde de metri cubi de gaz pe an, incepand din 2009. Demararea lucrarilor la proiectul Nabucco este prevazuta pentru 2010. Un purtator de cuvant al proiectului, Christian Dolezal, a contrazis analiza expertului american, argumentand prin cresterea cererii de hidrocarburi. Criza energetica afecteaza in primul rand tarile din Europa centrala si de Est noi membre ale UE, potrivit unei analize a cotidianului “Financial Times”.

sursa: Cronica Romana

29 mai 2008

Les projets de gazoducs concurrents vers l'Europe, Nabucco, évitant la Russie, et South Stream, piloté par le groupe russe Gazprom et la société italienne ENI, sont incompatibles, a estimé l'experte américaine Zeyno Baran jeudi.

Le premier projet achevé devrait éliminer l'autre, car ils desservent peu ou prou les mêmes marchés, a indiqué la chercheuse de l'Hudson Institute au cours d'une vidéo-conférence organisée à l'ambassade des Etats-Unis à Vienne.

Les deux consortiums prévoient une mise en service pour 2013 et des volumes de 30 milliards de m3 par an de gaz transporté.

Le gazoduc italo-russe South Stream -- soutenu par la Grèce, la Serbie, la Hongrie et la Bulgarie, ces deux derniers pays étant également présents dans Nabucco -- passera sous la Mer Noire de la Russie vers la Bulgarie. Là, il se séparera en deux branches: une vers l'Italie et la Grèce, l'autre vers l'Autriche et la Hongrie.

Son concurrent, le projet paneuropéen Nabucco, est conçu pour diminuer la dépendance de l'Europe au gaz russe. Il doit acheminer le gaz de la Mer Caspienne vers l'Autriche à travers la Turquie et les Balkans.

Certains investisseurs doutent que le consortium, auquel participent la Turquie, la Bulgarie, l'Autriche, la Roumanie, la Hongrie et l'Allemagne, trouve les 30 milliards de m3 de gaz par an pour assurer son fonctionnement.

De plus, Nabucco a annoncé jeudi le doublement des investissements initialement prévus à 7,9 milliards d'euros. Une inflation des coûts qui ne devrait pas néanmoins en affecter la rentabilité, selon son chef Reinhard Mitschek.

La Russie, de loin le premier fournisseur en gaz de l'Union européenne, représente près de la moitié de ses importations, devant la Norvège et l'Algérie.

Les Européens misent néanmoins beaucoup sur une récente promesse du Turkménistan de leur livrer 10 milliards de m3 de gaz à partir de 2009.

Un porte-parole du projet Nabucco, Christian Dolezal a contredit l'analyse de Mme Baran, arguant de la hausse de la demande de produits énergétiques. Pour lui, malgré l'annonce du doublement des coûts du projet, sa mise en oeuvre se poursuit normalement. Le début des travaux est prévu pour 2010.

Persbericht: Verdi's Nabucco komt naar Vlaanderen!

In Stadsschouwburg Antwerpen, Kursaal Oostende,
Vorst Nationaal en Grenslandhallen Hasselt

Nabucco, het geliefde meesterwerk van Guiseppe Verdi, komt naar Vlaanderen in een magistrale uitvoering door de befaamde Nationale Opera Sofia. Meer dan 160 medewerkers zorgen voor een visueel en auditief spektakel dat in november te zien is in de Stadsschouwburg Antwerpen, Kursaal Oostende, Vorst Nationaal en Grenslandhallen Hasselt.

Verdi en zijn Nabucco
Eigenlijk had hij gezworen nooit meer te componeren. Verdi's tweede opera was een grote flop en Verdi aanvaardde zijn lot: hij was kennelijk niet als componist in de wieg gelegd.

De directeur van het operatheater La Scala in Milaan protesteerde en trachtte Verdi enthousiast te maken voor een nieuwe opera. Hierbij duwde hij Verdi een libretto in de handen: Nabuccodonosor (later afgekort tot Nabucco) van librettist Solero. Verdi bleef protesteren, maar ontkwam niet aan de belofte het libretto in ieder geval te lezen.

Het vervolg is bekend. De ontroerende liefdesgeschiedenis tussen Ismaele en Fenena tegen de achtergrond van de vrijheidstrijd van het Hebreeuwse volk, werd in een recordtempo één van de meest geliefde opera’s uit de geschiedenis. ‘Het Slavenkoor’ (‘Va Pensiera’) groeide in Italië zelfs uit tot een alternatief volkslied.

Nationale Opera Sofia
Deze uitvoering bewijst dat Nabucco meer is dan ‘de opera van Het Slavenkoor’. De muzikale juweeltjes zijn nauwelijks te tellen. Het gebed van Zacharias, slechts begeleid door een cello bijvoorbeeld, of de schrijnende aria’s van Nabucco, of het pijnlijke duet met zijn machtsbeluste dochter Abigaile.

Dirigent Georgi Dimitrov en regisseur Kuzman Popov herstellen dit meesterwerk, samen met 160 musici en zangers, in zijn oorspronkelijk vorm, zoals Giuseppe Verdi het bedoeld heeft.

Dirigent: Georgi Dimitrov
Regie: Kuzman Popov
Choreografie: Jelka Tabakova
Kooleider: Zdravko Lazarov
Decors en Kostuums: Ivan Savov

NABUCCO
6 november om 20.00u. - Stadsschouwburg Antwerpen
7 november om 20.00u. - Kursaal Oostende
10 november om 20.00u.- Vorst Nationaal
11 november om 20.00u. - Grenslandhallen Hasselt

Ticketprijzen (excl. reservatie- en verzendingskosten)
Golden Seats: € 65
Cat 1: € 55
Cat 2: € 45
Cat 3: € 35
Cat 4: € 25
Dinnerseats (enkel in Antwerpen): € 90

Info en reservatie tickets
0900 69 900
http://www.musichall.be

Le nostre voci
non sanno più
cantare insieme.
S'alzano
ognuna con la sua nota
che diventa acuta
a sovrastare le altre.
Non ci accorgiamo,
non sappiamo più,
che voce di coro
fa vibrare il cuore.

Sabah Gazetesi 04 Mayıs 2008

Anlaşma, Moskova’da Rusya lideri Vladimir Putin’le Yunanistan Başbakanı Kostas Karamanlis tarafından imzalandı. Sibirya doğalgazını Avrupa’ya taşıyacak Güney Akım Boru Hattı, Karadeniz’in altından geçerek projeye daha önce dahil olan Bulgaristan’a ulaşacak.

Projeye şu ana kadar katılan diğer ülkeler ise Sırbistan ve Macaristan... Avusturya veya Slovenya’nın da projeye dahil edilmesiyle hat, İtalya’ya kadar uzatılacak.

15 milyar dolara mal olacağı tahmin edilen 900 kilometrelik boru hattından yılda 30 milyar metreküp doğalgaz taşınması hedefleniyor.

NTV-MSNBC 30 Nisan 2008

Roma’da yapılan enerji bakanları toplantısına katılan Enerji Bakanı Hilmi Güler, Irak ve Hollanda enerji bakanlarıyla kritik görüşmeler yaptı.

Güler’in Irak Petrol Bakanı Hüseyin Şehristani ile yaptığı görüşmenin gündeminde Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı’nın (TPAO) Irak’ın zengin rezervlerinin bulunduğu güney bölgesinde arama yapacak şirketler listesine alınmaması vardı.

Iraklı bakana bunun nedenini soran Bakan Güler ilginç bir yanıt aldı. Şehristani, “5 kritere göre bilgisayar programı geliştirdik. Buna göre de liste belirlendi. Dolayısıyla müdahale imkanımız olmadı, olsaydı da sizin lehinize olurdu” ifadelerini kullandı. TPAO ile ilgili bilgilerin gözden geçirileceği sözünü alan Güler, “Hata varsa gereği yapılacak” dedi.

Şehristani görüşmede, TPAO’ya Irak’ın genelinde yabancı ortaklarla petrol arama izni vereceklerini de söyledi. Irak Petrol Bakanı ayrıca, sondaj ve petrol depoları için Türk firmalarını ülkesine davet etti.

Hollanda Enerji Bakanı ile de görüşen Güler, Shell ve TPAO’nun Irak’ın doğalgaz master planı üzerindeki çalışmaları üzerinde durdu. Hazırlanan taslağı incelediklerini belirten Güler, Irak doğalgazının Nabucco’ya bağlanması için iki alternatif boru hattı olduğunu söyledi. Ekonomik, siyasi ve stratejik duruma bakılarak, Suriye üzerinden Arap gazı ya da Kuzey Irak’tan Türkiye’ye bağlanacak yeni bir boru hattına karar verileceğini açıkladı.

NTV-MSNBC 25 Nisan 2008

Μία από τις σημαντικές ειδήσεις των τελευταίων ωρών είναι η υπογραφή συμφωνίας μεταξύ Ελλάδας και Ρωσίας για τη διέλευση του αγωγού φυσικού αερίου South Stream μέσα από τη χώρα μας.

Το ελληνικό τμήμα του αγωγού θα αρχίζει από τα ελληνοβουλγαρικά σύνορα και θα μεταφέρει φυσικό αέριο στην Ιταλία. Ο αγωγός θα μεταφέρει 10 δισ. κυβικά μέτρα αέριο ετησίως και η συμφωνία θα έχει ισχύ για 30 χρόνια.

Η συμφωνία είναι πολύ σημαντική κι αυτό γιατί η Ελλάδα αναλαμβάνει πλέον πολύ σημαντικό ρόλο στον ενεργειακό χάρτη της Ευρώπης. Να σημειώσω επίσης ότι η Ελλάδα θα εισπράττει τέλη διέλευσης για τις ποσότητες αερίου που τις αναλογούν.

Οι ΗΠΑ πίεζαν την ελληνική κυβέρνηση να μην επιλέξει τον ρωσικό αγωγό για τη διέλευση φυσικού αερίου αλλά να επιλέξει τον αγωγό αμερικανο-ευρωπαϊκών συμφερόντων Nabucco. Στην περίπτωσης όμως που επιλέγαμε τον Nabucco το αέριο πρακτικά θα το αγοράζαμε από την Τουρκία σε τιμές ανάλογες της διάθεσης της και έτσι θα ήμασταν δέσμιοι της πολιτικής των Τούρκων.

5 juin 2008, Bakou

Le projet russe de gazoduc South Stream n'est pas un concurrent pour le projet Nabucco destiné à relier l'Asie centrale à l'Europe, la demande européenne de gaz étant en hausse régulière, a estimé Wolfgang Sporrer, de la société autrichienne OMV, lors d'une conférence énergétique dans la capitale azerbaïdjanaise.

"D'ici 2020, on prédit une réduction de la production de gaz des pays européens et un accroissement du déficit, nous sommes donc sûrs que les projets South Stream et Nabucco seront complémentaires l'un par rapport à l'autre", a noté l'expert autrichien.

Actuellement, l'UE importe du gaz de Russie, des gisements en mer du Nord et d'Afrique du Nord. Le projet Nabucco permettra d'importer également du gaz caspien, l'Azerbaïdjan obtiendra des débouchés sur les marchés les plus avantageux et diversifiera ses livraisons, a-t-il précisé.

Le gazoduc Nabucco doit entrer en service en 2010 (8 à 10 milliards de mètres cubes par an) et atteindre sa capacité projetée en 2013 (31 milliards de mètres cubes), a rappelé M. Sporrer.

Le projet Nabucco prévoit de construire une conduite depuis l'Asie centrale vers l'Europe (Autriche, Allemagne), en contournant la Russie. Y prennent part l'autrichien OMV Gas, le turc Botas, le bulgare Bulgargaz, le roumain Transgaz, l'hongrois MOL et l'allemand RWE.

Le coût du projet (4.000 km de longueur, 2 millions de tonnes de tubes d'acier, plus d'une trentaine de compresseurs) est estimé à 7,9 milliards d'euros.

Le projet South Stream, développé à titre paritaire par Gazprom et l'italien Eni, prévoit la construction d'un gazoduc d'un coût de 14 milliards de dollars. Les premières livraisons de gaz russe devraient commencer en 2013.

Le secteur sous-marin du South Stream, d'une longueur de près de 900 km, passera par le fond de la mer Noire, entre les littoraux russe et bulgare, à plus de 2 km de profondeur.